Understanding the Anti-Cancer Effects of Phytochemicals on Prostate Cancer: A Promising Leads for Drug Discovery in Medicine

Prostate cancer is a common tumor and is mainly found in the prostate tissue. Prostate cancer was the second most frequent cancer after lung cancer, and in 2020 it was the fifth cause of cancer in men around the world. Phytochemicals are natural compounds found in many types of medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits. The aim of this review is to collect and analyze scientific information on phytochemicals with potential on prostate cancer and to highlight their therapeutic role in the treatment of prostate cancer with their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. In this study, we searched the PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, and Scopus databases to gather scientific information about phytochemicals with medicinal properties for prostate cancer using the terms prostate cancer, phytochemical, herbal medicine, medicine, and biological activity. The scientific analysis of the data in this review has shown that the medicinal importance of auriculasin, calycopterin, crebanine, denbinobin, irigenin, isolinderalactone, neobavaisoflavone, nodakenin, obacunone, pachypodol and tectochrysin are medically important due to their antiproliferative activity against cancer of the prostate. However, analysis of scientific data has also revealed other molecular mechanisms in medicine related to its effectiveness on prostate cancer. The scientific data in this review revealed the anticancer effects of a large number of phytochemicals in medicine against prostate cancer.