Article
Open Access
Volume 6 · Issue 1 · 2026
pp. 36–41
Predictive Value of Development of Macroalbuminuria for Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Ahmet Ziya Bayhan1 
, Mehtap Evran2
, Mehtap Evran2
1
Department of Medical Oncology, University of Health Sciences Adana City Education and Research Hospital, Adana, Türkiye
2
Department of İnternal Medicine Endocrinology, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
Abstract
Objectives: The predictive role of macroalbuminuria in the development of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was investigated.
Methods: Ninety-two patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented to Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine between January 2014 and January 2015 were included in the study. At the beginning of the study, the glomerular filtration rate values of 92 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were calculated using creatinine levels. The study was designed as a single-blind study. There were 14 patients with proteinuria at the level of macroalbuminuria (stage IV diabetic nephropathy) in the study group (group 1) and 78 patients without proteinuria at the level of macro-albuminuria (stage I–III diabetic nephropathy) in the control group (group 2). Thyroid-stimulating hormone, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, sodium, potassium, C-peptide, and HbA1c levels were measured in all patients at baseline and at 6 months. If adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia developed together with a capillary glucose level below 70 mg/dL, or if a measurement below 55 mg/dL was obtained regardless of the presence of hypoglycemic symptoms, the episode was recorded as a hypoglycemic event.
Results: The study was completed with 70 patients, 12 of whom were in the first group and 58 of whom were in the second (control) group. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 after the 6-month follow-up. Twenty-six hypoglycemic attacks occurred in the macroalbuminuria group (group 1), and 37 hypoglycemic attacks occurred in the control group (group 2). The Mann–Whitney U test was applied.
Conclusion: The presence of macroalbuminuria was found to be significant for the development of hypoglycemia at the p<0.01 level (Sig. [2-tailed]=0).
Methods: Ninety-two patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented to Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine between January 2014 and January 2015 were included in the study. At the beginning of the study, the glomerular filtration rate values of 92 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were calculated using creatinine levels. The study was designed as a single-blind study. There were 14 patients with proteinuria at the level of macroalbuminuria (stage IV diabetic nephropathy) in the study group (group 1) and 78 patients without proteinuria at the level of macro-albuminuria (stage I–III diabetic nephropathy) in the control group (group 2). Thyroid-stimulating hormone, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, sodium, potassium, C-peptide, and HbA1c levels were measured in all patients at baseline and at 6 months. If adrenergic symptoms of hypoglycemia developed together with a capillary glucose level below 70 mg/dL, or if a measurement below 55 mg/dL was obtained regardless of the presence of hypoglycemic symptoms, the episode was recorded as a hypoglycemic event.
Results: The study was completed with 70 patients, 12 of whom were in the first group and 58 of whom were in the second (control) group. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 24 after the 6-month follow-up. Twenty-six hypoglycemic attacks occurred in the macroalbuminuria group (group 1), and 37 hypoglycemic attacks occurred in the control group (group 2). The Mann–Whitney U test was applied.
Conclusion: The presence of macroalbuminuria was found to be significant for the development of hypoglycemia at the p<0.01 level (Sig. [2-tailed]=0).
Keywords: Hypoglycemia, proteinuria, type 2 diabetes mellitus
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